Anthracobunodon enters the LRT and pulls in the mesotheres
The following data
(Fig 1) is from the Erfurt 2000 study on a complete and articulated skeleton of Anthracobunodon from the Eocene Messel Pit formation.
Then I found out Anthracobunodon is a synonym for Amphirhagatherium, which has a Wikipedia page. Anthracobunodon does not. I will let others sort this out.
Figure 1. Anthracobunodon data used to score it into the LRT.
” data-medium-file=”https://pterosaurheresies.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/anthracobunodon-weigelti588.jpg?w=148″ data-large-file=”https://pterosaurheresies.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/anthracobunodon-weigelti588.jpg?w=506″ tabindex=”0″ role=”button” class=”size-full wp-image-88288″ src=”https://pterosaurheresies.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/anthracobunodon-weigelti588.jpg” alt=”Figure 1. Anthracobunodon data used to score it into the LRT.” width=”584″ height=”1183″ />
Figure 1. Anthracobunodon data used to score it into the LRT.
Anthracobunodon weigelti
(Erfurt 2000, 1835; 70cm in length; Eocene) nests basal to pigs in the large reptile tree (LRT, 2323 taxa), closer to Aumelasia and Cainotherium. The tail is about 20 cm long and has 25% of the body length, which is unknown in recent artiodactyls. Data is largely from x-ray graphics. The skull needs a µCT scan for details. Note the five fingers on the manus and the claw-like unguals acting like hooves.
Figure 3. Members of the Mesotheria surrounded by oreodonts, hippos and artiodactyls to scale. See the LRT for subclades.
” data-medium-file=”https://pterosaurheresies.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/rostriamynodon-mesotheria-artiodactyla588.jpg?w=59″ data-large-file=”https://pterosaurheresies.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/rostriamynodon-mesotheria-artiodactyla588.jpg?w=201″ tabindex=”0″ role=”button” class=”size-full wp-image-88286″ src=”https://pterosaurheresies.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/rostriamynodon-mesotheria-artiodactyla588.jpg” alt=”Figure 3. Members of the Mesotheria surrounded by oreodonts, hippos and artiodactyls to scale. See the LRT for subclades.” width=”584″ height=”2980″ />
Figure 2. Members of the Mesotheria surrounded by oreodonts, hippos and artiodactyls to scale. See the LRT for subclades. Anthracobunodon is not in this graphic because the skull data is and will be poorly documented until a µCT scan is someday created and published.
Adding Anthracobunodon to the LRT
pulled the LRT clade Mesotheria (Fig 2) between hippos + oreodonts and artiodactyls – away from an earlier nesting in the Creodonta in the Marsupialia. That major move shows how fragile is this subset of the LRT. That fragility is based on convergence including a lack of definitive marsupial vs placental traits. Adding taxa moves things around, hopefully this time modeling actual evolutionary events. It seems to be a 49/51 sort of recovery.
Keeps things interesting for problem solvers.
Here again (Fig 2) the canine disappears in transitional taxa and a new lateral premaxillary fang/tusk appears in Mesotherium.
References
Erfurt J 2000. Rekonstruktion des Skelettes und der Biologie von Anthracobunodon weigelti (Artiodactyla, Mammalia) aus dem Eozän des Geiseltales (Reconstruction of the skeleton and biology of Anthracobunodon weigelti (Artiodactyla, Mammalia) from the Eocene of the Geiseltal (Germany). Hallesches Jahrb. Geowiss. Reihe B 12:57–141. in German.
Source: https://pterosaurheresies.wordpress.com/2024/08/18/anthracobunodon-enters-the-lrt-and-pulls-in-the-mesotheres/
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