Phylogenetically miniaturized Vulpavus gives us Hyopsodus
According to wiki/Hyopsodus:
“Hyopsodus is a genus of extinct early ungulate mammal of the family Hyopsodontidae, a group associated with or basal to the Perissodactyla. It was a small mammal with skull of about 6 cm in length. Fossils of this genus have been found in the Eocene of North America, especially the Bighorn Basin region of the United States. It has also been found in Eurasia.”
Here in the LRT
Late Eocene Hyopsodus is a primitive placental 1 taxon close to Early to Middle Eocene Vulpavus, but phylogenetically miniaturized in several aspects, coming to resemble a hypothetical juvenile Vulpavus following mammalian ontogeny patterns.
Prior studies overlooked this hypothetical interrelationship.
See: reptileevolution.com/vulpavus_ovatus for images.
Phylogenetic miniaturization
Hyopsodus was smaller overall, had relatively larger eyes, smaller canines, shorter legs and a shorter tail, altogether resembling a hypothetical ‘puppy’ of Vulpavus.
References
Cope ED 1881. The Condylarthra (Continued). American Naturalist 84;18: 892–906.
Cope ED 1881. Mammalia of the lower Eocene beds. American Naturalist 15:337-338.
Leidy J 1870. Remarks on a collection of fossils from the western territories. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 22: 109–110.
Matthew WD 1909. VI. The Carnivora and Insectivora of the Bridger Basin, Middle Eocene. Memoirs of the American Museum of Natural History. 9(6):576pp.
Source: https://pterosaurheresies.wordpress.com/2026/03/01/phylogenetically-miniaturized-vulpavus-gives-us-hyopsodus/
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